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What changed, and what it means for your software.

The changes of the last two years in GST, income tax, TDS and TCS, payroll, data protection and financial regulation. One or two lines each, with a source. Last reviewed 7 November 2026.

Coming up
E-commerce

Amended Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules apply

Amendments to the E-Commerce Rules notified in September 2026 apply from 1 January 2027, adding to what platforms and sellers must disclose and how they handle complaints.

Software: Product pages, seller data and grievance handling need reviewing before January.

Data protection

DPDP Act duties apply in full

Notice and consent, security safeguards, breach reporting within 72 hours, retention and erasure, and data principals’ rights all apply from May 2027, 18 months after the Rules were notified.

Software: Consent records, rights requests, erasure rules, access control and logs kept for a year must be live by then.

November 2026

  1. Data protection

    Consent Manager registration opens under the DPDP Rules

    One year after notification, the rules for registering Consent Managers, the platforms through which people give and withdraw consent, come into force.

  2. GST

    Post-sale discounts via credit note; 90% provisional refund for inverted duty

    From 1 November 2026, a post-supply discount is excluded from taxable value if the supplier issues a credit note and the buyer reverses the matching ITC; no prior agreement is needed. Inverted duty refunds get 90% provisional sanction.

    Software: Issue discount credit notes against the original supply and track buyer-side ITC reversal; purchase module should post the reversal on receipt.

October 2026

  1. GST

    57th GST Council: new return correction process from April 2027, wider e-invoicing

    Recommended on 8 October 2026, effective only once notified: a GSTR-1/3B correction mechanism from the April 2027 return, e-invoicing for RCM purchases from unregistered persons and import of services (AATO ₹5 crore and above), and RCM plus 2% TDS on specified scrap.

    Software: Plan for IRNs on RCM and import-of-service documents, scrap RCM and TDS handling, and new GSTR-3B reconciliation statements.

  2. GST

    57th GST Council: arrest powers to go, prosecution threshold raised to ₹5 crore

    The Council recommended removing arrest under section 69, raising the prosecution threshold from ₹1 crore to ₹5 crore, cutting the general penalty from ₹25,000 to ₹10,000, and no show cause notice below ₹10,000 tax. Needs law changes.

September 2026

  1. Labour and payroll

    EPF wage ceiling raised from ₹15,000 to ₹25,000 a month

    Notification S.O. 5109(E) raised the mandatory wage ceiling for EPF, EPS and EDLI to ₹25,000 from 17 September 2026. For September 2026, one ECR uses ₹15,000 for 1–16 September and ₹25,000 from 17 September.

    Software: Update PF and EPS wage caps, split September 2026 contributions by date, and flag employees newly covered between ₹15,000 and ₹25,000.

July 2026

  1. GST

    Last date for filing appeals before GST Appellate Tribunal extended to 31 July 2026

    On 30 June 2026 the Finance Ministry moved the last date for filing appeals before the GST Appellate Tribunal, set by the 17 September 2025 notification, from 30 June 2026 to 31 July 2026.

  2. E-commerce

    Country-of-origin filter for online marketplaces

    The Legal Metrology (Packaged Commodities) Amendment Rules, 2026 require e-commerce platforms to let buyers search and filter products by country of origin.

    Software: Catalogues need a country-of-origin field on every product, and the storefront needs the filter.

May 2026

  1. Labour and payroll

    Central rules under all four Labour Codes notified

    The Wages, Social Security, Industrial Relations and OSH (Central) Rules, 2026 were notified on 8 May 2026. They apply where the Central Government is the appropriate government; most states had not yet notified their own rules.

    Software: Use the prescribed appointment-letter format, fixed-term gratuity after one year, and the consolidated annual return in HR and payroll.

April 2026

  1. RBI

    RBI’s E-mandate Framework, 2026 for recurring payments

    Recurring payments run without an extra check up to ₹15,000, or ₹1 lakh for insurance premiums, mutual funds and card bills; larger debits need authentication.

    Software: Subscription billing must apply the limits and handle pre-debit notices.

  2. RBI

    Existing IT outsourcing contracts must meet RBI’s new rules

    Banks and NBFCs had to bring existing IT service contracts in line with the 2025 outsourcing directions at renewal or by 10 April 2026, including audit rights and incident reporting.

    Software: Vendors to regulated entities must report cyber incidents within 6 hours and allow audits.

  3. IRDAI

    IRDAI Information and Cybersecurity Guidelines, 2026 replace the 2023 version

    Insurers and intermediaries must test internet-facing systems every 6 months, close high-risk findings within 30 days and report incidents to CERT-In within 6 hours, copying IRDAI.

    Software: Logs kept 180 days in India; testing and patch cycles tightened.

  4. Income tax

    Income-tax Act, 2025 replaces the 1961 Act from 1 April 2026

    The new Act, which received Presidential assent on 21 August 2025, came into force on 1 April 2026. The Income-tax Rules, 2026 were notified on 20 March 2026 to put it into operation.

    Software: Map old section references in masters, reports and tax codes to the new Act for transactions from 1 April 2026.

  5. Income tax

    Income-tax Rules, 2026 renumber salary, TDS and TCS forms

    Form 16 becomes Form 130, 16A becomes 131, 24Q becomes 138, 26Q becomes 140, 27Q becomes 144, 27EQ becomes 143, 26AS becomes 168, 12BB becomes 124, and 15G/15H merge into Form 121.

    Software: Rename certificates, return files and employee declaration forms for periods from 1 April 2026; earlier periods keep the old numbers.

  6. TDS and TCS

    TDS moves to section 392 (salary) and section 393 (all other payments)

    Under the Income-tax Act, 2025, TDS on salary sits in section 392 and TDS on all other payments to residents and non-residents is consolidated in section 393, from 1 April 2026.

    Software: Re-map TDS codes such as 194C, 194J and 194-I to the section 393 entries in vendor masters and TDS returns.

  7. TDS and TCS

    TCS set at 2% for tour packages, LRS education and medical, and several goods

    From 1 April 2026, TCS is a flat 2% on overseas tour packages (was 5%/20%) and LRS remittances for education and medical treatment (was 5%). Scrap, liquor and coal/lignite/iron ore rise from 1% to 2%; tendu leaves fall from 5% to 2%.

    Software: Update TCS rate tables in billing and sales modules for these goods and services.

  8. TDS and TCS

    Manpower supply treated as “work” for TDS; no TDS on motor accident interest

    From 1 April 2026, payments for supply of manpower attract contractor TDS at 1% (individual or HUF payee) or 2% (others). Interest awarded by Motor Accident Claims Tribunals to individuals is exempt, with no TDS.

    Software: Move manpower-supply vendors from professional-fee TDS to contractor TDS rates.

  9. RBI

    Two-factor authentication rules for all digital payments

    RBI’s Authentication Mechanisms for Digital Payment Transactions Directions, 2025 require at least two authentication factors for digital payments from 1 April 2026, with listed exemptions.

    Software: Checkouts must hand over cleanly to the issuer’s authentication step.

March 2026

  1. Income tax

    Non-audit business returns due 31 August; revised returns allowed for 12 months

    Non-audit business and professional taxpayers, and their partners, now file by 31 August instead of 31 July; ITR-1/ITR-2 filers stay at 31 July. Revised returns may be filed up to 12 months after the tax year, with a fee after nine months.

    Software: Update compliance calendars and due-date reminders for business clients.

February 2026

  1. GST

    Compensation cess ends; tobacco and pan masala move to 40% GST plus new levies

    From 1 February 2026, GST compensation cess ended. Pan masala, cigarettes and tobacco products attract 40% GST, with additional central excise duty on tobacco and a Health Security se National Security Cess on pan masala. Biris attract 18%.

    Software: Remove compensation cess from item tax masters and invoice templates, and update rates for affected items.

December 2025

  1. Income tax

    Audit-case return deadline for AY 2025-26 extended to 10 December 2025

    On 29 October 2025, CBDT extended the return due date for taxpayers needing a tax audit under section 44AB from 31 October to 10 December 2025, and the audit report due date to 10 November 2025.

  2. GST

    GST returns more than three years past their due date can no longer be filed

    GSTN blocks returns whose due date is three or more years old, from the November 2025 tax period. From 1 December 2025, GSTR-1 and GSTR-3B due in October 2022 and GSTR-9 for 2020-21 became time-barred.

November 2025

  1. RBI

    RBI issues Managing Risks in Outsourcing Directions, 2025

    New entity-wise directions on outsourcing replace earlier rules, covering due diligence of vendors, audit rights, data location and 6-hour incident reporting by vendors.

  2. Labour and payroll

    Four Labour Codes in force from 21 November 2025

    The Code on Wages, Industrial Relations Code, Code on Social Security and OSH Code replaced 29 central labour laws from 21 November 2025. Fixed-term employees become entitled to gratuity after one year of service.

    Software: Payroll needs fixed-term gratuity accruals, a ‘worker’ versus ‘employee’ classification, and benefit calculations on the new wage definition.

  3. Labour and payroll

    Uniform “wages” definition: exclusions capped at 50% of pay

    Under the Code on Wages, wages include basic pay, DA and retaining allowance. If excluded items such as HRA and conveyance exceed 50% of total remuneration, the excess is added back to wages, from 21 November 2025.

    Software: Recompute the wage base for gratuity, leave encashment, bonus and overtime using the 50% add-back test.

  4. Data protection

    DPDP Rules, 2025 notified

    The rules that put the Digital Personal Data Protection Act into practice were notified, starting an 18-month phase-in. The Data Protection Board of India took effect at once.

    Software: Start the gap review of every system holding personal data.

  5. GST

    Optional simplified GST registration within three working days (Rule 14A)

    From 1 November 2025, applicants whose output tax on supplies to registered persons will not exceed ₹2.5 lakh a month can opt for registration granted electronically within three working days, after Aadhaar authentication.

October 2025

  1. GST

    Finance Act 2025 GST changes in force: credit notes, IMS, track and trace

    From 1 October 2025, a supplier can reduce output tax on a credit note only if the registered buyer has reversed the related ITC. IMS gets legal backing in section 38, and section 148A allows track-and-trace marking on notified goods.

    Software: Link outgoing credit notes to the buyer’s IMS action before reducing output tax liability.

  2. GST

    IMS: credit notes can be kept pending, ITC reversal can be declared

    From the October 2025 tax period, buyers can keep credit notes pending in IMS for one tax period and declare the ITC actually availed, so reversal is limited to credit claimed. Remarks can be saved when rejecting or keeping pending.

    Software: Purchase registers should record the IMS action (accept, reject, pending) per document and reconcile credit notes with GSTR-2B.

  3. GST

    90% provisional refund for low-risk export and inverted duty claims

    For refund applications filed on or after 1 October 2025, 90% of the amount claimed for zero-rated supplies, and on an interim basis for inverted duty structure, can be sanctioned provisionally based on the system’s risk rating.

September 2025

  1. GST

    GST Appellate Tribunal launched with an online e-filing portal

    GSTAT was launched on 24 September 2025 with a Principal Bench in New Delhi and 31 State Benches. Appeals are filed online at efiling.gstat.gov.in, with staggered filing of pending appeals allowed up to 30 June 2026.

  2. GST

    GST rates move to two main slabs, 5% and 18%, with 40% for select items

    From 22 September 2025, the four-slab structure was replaced by two main rates, 5% and 18%, plus a 40% special rate for select goods and services such as aerated drinks and motorcycles above 350 cc. Pan masala and tobacco stayed on old rates.

    Software: Update HSN-wise rates in item masters effective 22 September 2025, and review open orders and price lists.

  3. GST

    Apparel and footwear: 5% GST up to ₹2,500 per piece, 18% above

    From 22 September 2025, apparel and clothing accessories up to ₹2,500 per piece attract 5% (earlier 5% only up to ₹1,000) and above ₹2,500 attract 18% (was 12%). Footwear up to ₹2,500 per pair, metallised yarn and carpets moved to 5%.

    Software: Billing must pick the rate by sale value per piece or pair, so item masters need value-based rate slabs.

  4. Income tax

    Return due date for AY 2025-26 extended to 16 September 2025

    CBDT moved the non-audit return due date for AY 2025-26 from 31 July to 15 September 2025, then by one more day to 16 September 2025 after technical problems on the portal.

  5. RBI

    RBI Master Direction on Payment Aggregators

    A consolidated Master Direction now governs online, offline and cross-border payment aggregators, replacing the 2020 and 2021 guidelines.

    Software: Merchants should confirm their gateway is authorised and keep only tokens, never card data.

August 2025

  1. SEBI

    SEBI cyber security framework (CSCRF) deadline for most entities

    Most SEBI-regulated entities had to comply with the Cybersecurity and Cyber Resilience Framework by 31 August 2025: 6-hour incident reporting, VAPT and recovery targets.

    Software: Systems need logging, tested recovery within 2 hours and VAPT findings closed within 3 months.

  2. Income tax

    Perquisite limits raised: ₹4 lakh salary test, ₹8 lakh for medical treatment abroad

    CBDT Notification 133/2025 raised the salary limit for taxing specified perquisites (Rule 3C) from ₹50,000 to ₹4 lakh, and the foreign medical treatment limit (Rule 3D) from ₹2 lakh to ₹8 lakh, from tax year 2025-26.

    Software: Update perquisite valuation rules in payroll for FY 2025-26 salary TDS and Form 16.

  3. Income tax

    Parliament passes the new Income-tax Bill with a single “tax year”

    The Lok Sabha passed the Income-tax (No. 2) Bill, 2025 on 11 August 2025. It replaces “previous year” and “assessment year” with a single “tax year”.

    Software: Replace assessment-year labels with tax-year labels in reports and forms for periods under the new Act.

  4. Labour and payroll

    New UANs only through Aadhaar face authentication on UMANG

    An EPFO circular of 30 July 2025 requires all new UANs from 1 August 2025 to be generated with Aadhaar face authentication in the UMANG app. Employer-generated UANs remain only for exceptions such as international workers.

    Software: Onboarding should collect the employee-generated UAN instead of creating it through the employer portal.

  5. Labour and payroll

    Employment-linked incentive scheme (PM-VBRY) starts

    For jobs created from 1 August 2025 to 31 July 2027, first-time employees get up to ₹15,000 in two instalments, and employers up to ₹3,000 a month for each additional employee kept at least six months.

    Software: Track new-hire dates, first-time EPFO members and headcount additions to support employer incentive claims.

July 2025

  1. SEBI

    SEBI makes digital accessibility mandatory for regulated entities

    SEBI directed all regulated entities to comply with the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and its rules, including accessible websites and apps.

    Software: Websites and apps should meet the accessibility standard and be audited.

  2. GST

    GSTR-3B outward tax liability locked to GSTR-1 figures

    From the July 2025 tax period, tax liability auto-filled in GSTR-3B from GSTR-1, GSTR-1A and IFF cannot be edited. Corrections must be made through GSTR-1A before filing GSTR-3B.

    Software: Sales data in GSTR-1 must be right first time; add a GSTR-1A amendment step before GSTR-3B filing.

  3. Labour and payroll

    ESIC SPREE 2025: one-time window to register employers and employees

    From 1 July to 31 December 2025, unregistered employers and employees could register under the ESI Act, with coverage from the declared registration date and no inspection for one year for units covered.

June 2025

  1. Labour and payroll

    EPFO auto-settlement limit for advance claims raised to ₹5 lakh

    EPFO announced on 24 June 2025 that PF advance claims for illness, education, marriage and housing up to ₹5 lakh, up from ₹1 lakh, are settled automatically.

May 2025

  1. RBI

    RBI Digital Lending Directions, 2025

    Consolidated rules for loans offered through apps and websites: a key fact statement before signing, limits on the data apps may collect, and borrower data kept on servers in India.

    Software: Lending apps need consent-based data collection, KFS generation and Indian hosting.

April 2025

  1. TDS and TCS

    TCS of 1% on notified luxury goods above ₹10 lakh

    Notification 36/2025 applied 1% TCS under section 206C(1F) from 22 April 2025 to notified goods above ₹10 lakh, including wrist watches, art, handbags, sunglasses, footwear and home theatre systems.

    Software: Add item-level TCS for notified goods in billing, and report collections in the new Form 27EQ annexure.

  2. GST

    GSTR-1 HSN summary: dropdown only, separate B2B and B2C tables

    From the April 2025 tax period, Table 12 of GSTR-1 and GSTR-1A is split into B2B and B2C tabs, and HSN codes must be chosen from a dropdown; manual HSN entry is not allowed.

    Software: Item masters need valid HSN codes, and the GSTR-1 export must produce separate B2B and B2C HSN summaries.

  3. GST

    E-invoices must be reported within 30 days if AATO is ₹10 crore or more

    From 1 April 2025, businesses with aggregate annual turnover of ₹10 crore or more cannot report invoices, credit notes or debit notes on the IRP more than 30 days after the document date.

    Software: Generate the IRN at invoice time and flag unreported invoices, credit notes and debit notes nearing 30 days.

  4. GST

    Input Service Distributor registration mandatory for shared input services

    From 1 April 2025, an office that receives input service invoices, including reverse charge services, for other GSTINs under the same PAN must register as an ISD. Distributing that credit is now mandatory, not optional.

    Software: Multi-GSTIN businesses need an ISD registration, ISD invoices for credit distribution and GSTR-6 filing.

  5. GST

    Multi-factor login mandatory on e-way bill and e-invoice portals for all

    OTP-based multi-factor authentication became mandatory on the e-way bill and e-invoice portals in phases: AATO above ₹20 crore from 1 January 2025, above ₹5 crore from 1 February 2025, and all taxpayers from 1 April 2025.

    Software: Keep registered mobile numbers current so staff using the portals can receive login OTPs.

  6. Income tax

    New regime slabs revised; no tax up to ₹12 lakh (₹12.75 lakh for salaried)

    From FY 2025-26, the new regime taxes income above ₹4 lakh at 5%, rising in ₹4 lakh steps to 30% above ₹24 lakh. The section 87A rebate is now ₹60,000, so income up to ₹12 lakh is tax-free (₹12.75 lakh for salaried).

    Software: Update salary TDS slab tables and rebate logic for FY 2025-26.

  7. Income tax

    Updated return (ITR-U) window extended from 24 to 48 months

    From 1 April 2025, an updated return under section 139(8A) can be filed up to 48 months after the end of the assessment year, with additional tax of up to 70% for returns filed in the fourth year.

  8. TDS and TCS

    TDS thresholds raised for rent, interest, professional fees, commission and dividends

    From 1 April 2025: rent (194-I) ₹50,000 a month; professional fees (194J) ₹50,000; commission (194H) ₹20,000; dividends ₹10,000; bank interest (194A) ₹50,000, or ₹1 lakh for senior citizens.

    Software: Update TDS threshold masters, including the monthly rent test under section 194-I.

  9. TDS and TCS

    New section 194T: 10% TDS on firms’ payments to partners

    From 1 April 2025, firms and LLPs deduct 10% TDS on salary, remuneration, commission, bonus or interest paid to a partner once the total exceeds ₹20,000 in a financial year.

    Software: Add a section 194T TDS code for partner payments in the accounting system.

  10. TDS and TCS

    TCS on sale of goods (206C(1H)) and higher non-filer rates removed

    From 1 April 2025, TCS on sale of goods under section 206C(1H) and the higher TDS/TCS rates for non-filers under sections 206AB and 206CCA are omitted. The LRS TCS threshold rose from ₹7 lakh to ₹10 lakh.

    Software: Switch off 206C(1H) TCS in sales invoicing and remove 206AB/206CCA non-filer checks.

March 2025

  1. GST

    Interest and penalty waiver for 2017-18 to 2019-20 demands closes (section 128A)

    For section 73 demands for FY 2017-18 to 2019-20, interest and penalty were waived if the full tax was paid by 31 March 2025 and the waiver application was filed by 30 June 2025.

February 2025

  1. SEBI

    Revised investor charter for stock brokers

    SEBI issued a revised investor charter that stock brokers must display on their websites and apps, alongside complaints data and dispute-resolution links.

    Software: Broker sites need the updated charter in a prominent place.

January 2025

  1. GST

    E-way bills: documents older than 180 days blocked, extension capped at 360 days

    From 1 January 2025, an e-way bill cannot be generated for a document dated more than 180 days earlier, and validity can be extended only up to 360 days from the original generation date.

    Software: Check document age before calling the e-way bill API and handle rejections for old invoices.

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